Category: Cryptanalysis

This research paper presents a comprehensive cryptanalytic study of critical vulnerabilities in the Bitcoin protocol's digital signature implementation, namely  the Phantom Signature Attack  (CVE-2025-29774) and the fundamental  SIGHASH_SINGLE processing error . The study demonstrates that incorrect processing of cryptographic primitives in the transaction signature mechanism creates the conditions for the complete compromise of cryptocurrency wallet owners' private keys without their knowledge.…

This paper presents a comprehensive cryptanalytic review of the critical vulnerability  CVE-2023-39910 , codenamed  "Milk Sad ," discovered in the widely used  Libbitcoin Explorer utility versions 3.0.0–3.6.0. The fundamental flaw lies in the use of a cryptographically insecure Mersenne Twister-32 (MT19937)  pseudorandom number generator  initialized by the system time, which catastrophically limits the entropy space to  32 bits  instead of the required 256 bits. The paper thoroughly…

This paper analyzes cryptographic vulnerabilities discovered in modern cryptographic key management infrastructure, with a particular focus on critical flaws in the architecture of hardware security modules (HSMs) when handling elliptic curve private keys. The study focuses on a class of attacks that exploit insufficiently isolated RAM management in certified cryptographic devices. In the modern Bitcoin cryptographic ecosystem,…

This article examines the evolution of security threats in the cryptocurrency storage space, focusing on modern methods for compromising private keys and seed phrases, which secure digital wallets. The modern cryptocurrency ecosystem faces a growing threat of cyberattacks aimed at compromising private keys and seed phrases, which are the foundation of digital wallet security. The complexity and…

This article examines the systemic cryptographic security threats posed by the Phoenix Rowhammer attack (CVE-2025-6202), which can extract private keys from DDR5 RAM through hardware-level bit manipulation. In recent years, the dynamic development of cryptocurrency technologies has led to an increased dependence of digital asset ecosystems on hardware and microchip components that store and process cryptographic data.…

Bitcoin Core program uses the symmetric cryptographic algorithm  AES-256-CBC to protect the wallet password . This algorithm is used to encrypt the wallet file (wallet.dat), where the user's private keys are stored. The level of protection is provided by a 256-bit key, which is created from the user's password. Bitcoin Core also uses elliptic curve cryptography to generate keys,…

In this article, we will look at the cryptographic attack of digital signature forgery (Digital Signature Forgery Attack), its consequences pose a threat to the security of transactions in the Bitcoin network, since digital signatures confirm the ownership and authorization of cryptocurrency transfers. We will consider examples of the impact of such attacks on Bitcoin based on…

This paper analyzes cryptographic vulnerabilities related to incorrect generation of private keys in blockchain systems. One of the key issues is the incorrect calculation of the constant N, which determines the order of the group of points of the elliptic curve secp256k1, which can lead to the generation of invalid keys. This poses a serious security threat,…

This paper discusses how an attacker can introduce a hidden list of vulnerabilities through module updates, which can lead to compromise of ESP32 devices and gaining unauthorized access to private keys, affecting billions of devices using this microcontroller. One of the key issues is the CVE-2025-27840 vulnerability discovered in the ESP32 architecture. To ensure security for the Bitcoin network,…

Many crypto experts are asking: Will the cryptocurrency industry be able to withstand the new technological revolution? This article will discuss modern methods of protecting financial transactions and the Internet based on cryptography, which may be powerless against a sufficiently powerful quantum computer, and whether cryptocurrencies, whose market is estimated at hundreds of billions of dollars, are…